http://repository.bothouniversity.ac.bw:8080/buir/handle/123456789/11 2026-04-13T10:09:10Z http://repository.bothouniversity.ac.bw:8080/buir/handle/123456789/272 Pearson Chaurura1* Abubaker Qutieshat Pearson, Chaurura; Qutieshat, Abubaker This paper is a snap literature review on the crisis resilience of small and medium enterprises (SMMEs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. SMMEs are considered significant drivers of economic activity in both the developed and developing worlds. It is therefore important to keep an eye on what goes on in the SMME sector in the interest of preserving them as well as enhancing their performance thereby ensuring their continued contribution to economic activity. The recent COVID-19 pandemic provides an appropriate proxy for examining various business and management aspects, including SMME crisis resilience. This study examined sources, mainly peer reviewed journal papers, from around the world, focusing on determining the nature of challenges experienced by SMMEs during COVID-19, the crisis resilience strategies employed, and their effectiveness. This provided an evidence-based starting point for the formulation of robust recommendations to promote the building of resilience into SMMEs anywhere. The study found that the least researched contexts of SMME resilience are industry-specific, African, and the developing world. Additionally, SMMEs were found to be generally vulnerable to various challenges during crises. During COVID-19, SMMEs responded by adopting different strategies which were effective to varying degrees based on context-specific factors such as access, policies, and regulations. Consequently, more context-specific empirical resilience studies are needed especially in the least researched contexts like Africa and the developing word. 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.bothouniversity.ac.bw:8080/buir/handle/123456789/271 Predicting sexually transmitted infections among men who have learning and ensemble machine learning models There is a substantial increase in sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among men who have sexwith men(MSM)globally. Unprotected sexual practices, multiple sex partners, criminalization, stigmatisation, fear of discrimination, substance use, poor access to care, andlack of early STI screening tools are among the contributing factors. Therefore, this study applied multilayer perceptron (MLP), extremely randomized trees (ExtraTrees) and XGBoostmachine learning models to predict STIs among MSMusing bio-behavioural sur vey (BBS) data in Zimbabwe. Data were collected from 1538 MSMin Zimbabwe. The data set was split into training and testing sets using the ratio of 80% and 20%, respectively. The synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) was applied to address class imbal ance. Using a stepwise logistic regression model, the study revealed several predictors of STIs amongMSMsuchasage,cohabitation with sexpartners, education status and employment status. The results show that MLP performed better than STI predictive models (XGBoost and ExtraTrees) and achieved accuracy of 87.54%, recall of 97.29%, precision of 89.64%, F1-Score of 93.31% andAUCof66.78%.XGBoostalsoachieved anaccuracy of 86.51%, recall of 96.51%, precision of 89.25%, F1-Score of 92.74% and AUC of 54.83%. ExtraTrees recorded an accuracy of 85.47%, recall of 95.35%, precision of 89.13%, F1 Score of 92.13% andAUCof60.21%.Thesemodelscanbeeffectively used toidentify highly at-risk MSM, for STI surveillance and to further develop STI infection screening tools to improve health outcomes of MSM 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.bothouniversity.ac.bw:8080/buir/handle/123456789/260 Assessment of Stakeholder Perceptions and Attitudes towards Health Data Governance Principles in Botswana: Web-Based Survey Mauco, Kabelo Leonard; Kagiso, Ndlovu Background: Globally, healthcare organisations are demonstrating increased interest towards data driven decision making, necessitating health data governance. Transform Health has led the development of globally unifying human rights-based health data governance principles. Healthcare stakeholders in Botswana were engaged to solicit their perceptions about these principles. Objective: To solicit Botswana health sector stakeholders’ perceptions on the health data governance principles by Transform Health. Methods: Purposive sampling of healthcare stakeholders in Botswana was done, and an online survey tool shared with them by email. The REDCap platform supported online data capture from 15 April until 20 May 2022. Twenty three participants completed the online survey and only 10 of them participated in a follow-up round-table discussion. Participants’ responses were analysed using Microsoft Excel for descriptive statistics and Delve software for thematic analysis. Results: Participants expressed the relevance and importance of the health data governance principles in the context of Botswana. However, modifications to the principles were also suggested as well as effective organisational governance for sustainable implementation of the principles. Conclusions: This study highlights the necessity of data governance in healthcare. The findings could contribute towards the next steps regarding revision or implementation of the health data governance principles by willing organisations. Clinical Trial: Not applicable 2023-04-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.bothouniversity.ac.bw:8080/buir/handle/123456789/258 Investigating the Availability of Nutrition Management Service for Hypertensive Elderly People In Khubetsoana And Thamae Health Centers Lineo, Motsieloa; Fosa., Mpati Evelyn Many elderly people have hypertension, and health systems are faced with the challenge of responding to the needs of this population. The availability of Nutrition Management Service (NMS) in Out Patient Department (OPD) services is one of the strategies that have the potential to control these patients' blood pressure. The study sought to investigate the availability of NMS for the hypertensive outpatient elderly in Thamae Health Centre and Khubetsona Health Centre. The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study employing both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods. NMS was found to be available in the facilities, but incomplete. Of all the patients followed, 16.2% received nutrition counseling and 9.5% received nutrition follow-up, but none of them received nutrition screening. NMS is available in the facilities but it is incomplete, due to many factors which originate from the planners' failure to plan for it. 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z